U.S- Cuba Relations...


By ~Inobe

1. After researching a few articles on Cuba and the US relationship, I found articles breaking down many events, which led to major issues between the two nations.
a.     The rise of Fidel, overthrowing President Fulgencio Batista, establishing a socialist state.
b.     Cuban nationalizing US owned properties and the relationship it built with the Soviet Union.
c.      President Eisenhower’s authorized the CIA to train Cuban refugees to over throw Castro, which were not successful. Also, the CIA planned many attempts on Castro’s life.
d.     The USA stops all exports to Cuba and stops diplomatic relations with Cuba by closing its embassy in Havana.
e.     Cuban missile crisis were a huge issue and solidified the distrust in the relationship between Cuba and the US known as the cold war.
f.      In 1963 President Kennedy prohibits US citizens from traveling to or making financial transactions with Cuba. The embargo devastates the Cuban economy over the course of the next 50 years.
g.     In 1996 The US Congress passes the Helms-Burton Act, strengthening the embargo against Cuba, but other foreign governments and humanitarian groups disagreed with this.

2.     Because of the allied relationship Cuba built with the Soviet Union many Presidents put policies in place to keep the island isolated financially and diplomatically. Making Cuba the longest sanctioned country by the US.
3.     The down spiral in Cuba’s economy  and Castro’s dictatorship caused thousands of Cubans to seek refuge outside of the island. In 1980 Castro announced anyone wanting to leave could do so. Over 100,000 Cubans did. (This separated many families and some lost their lives).
4.     In 1992 Regan labeled Cuba (state sponsor of terrorism) because Cuba supported militant groups in Central America and Africa.
5.     President George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton signed the Cuba Democracy Act of 1992 and the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act of 1996 that which strengthened the U.S regime, requiring Cuba to transition to a democratically elected government that excludes the Castro’s before the embargo could be removed. (Raul said he would leave office in 2018).
6.     1996 the Helms-Burton Act, which applied the embargo to foreign countries that traded with Cuba. This was issued in retaliation after Cuba shot down two U.S. civilian airplanes.
7.     The Cuban government estimates that the trade restrictions cost Cuba $4.6 billion in economic damages, totaling $126 billion since the embargo started in the 60’s.
8.     Cuba and the US only spoke through Switzerland’s mediation.
9.     President Obama played a key role in 2009 lifting all restrictions on family restricted travels to Cuba.  He allows general travels to Cuba to religious groups and for educational purposes. Also, in 2011 allowing the ease of restrictions allowing non-family remittance and US airports to license charter flights to and from Cuba.
11. In 2015 Cuba is removed from the US Department’s list of sponsors of terrorism. President Obama made this decision after meeting with Raul Castro in Cuba.  He’s the first sitting President to visit the country after 85years. They held a press conference calling for the trade embargo to be lifted between the tow nations.  In 2016 President Obama signs a directive easing trade restrictions on Cuban rum and cigars.
12. After the death of Fidel Castro and election of Donald J. Trump in late 2016 regenerated talks over U.S.-Cuba policy. Trump announced in June 2017 that he would reestablish some restrictions on travel and trade that had been eased by the Obama administration, but would not break diplomatic relations. (This makes me, and I’m sure many others really nervous about the US & Cuba relationship). Especially with the latest developments of the embassy workers being pulled from Havana currently because of sonic illnesses being reported.

****I don’t know where this will leave the relationship. My hope is that the people of Cuba and the US will determine it’s on working relationship, and not let the news and tainted leadership be a guiding voice for relating to one another.

Questions sparked from my researching Cuba and the US relationship:

1.     How do Cubans feel about having a possible democratic government?
2.     How do the Cubans feel presently today about Americans? How did they feel over the years while discord between Cuba and the US was happening?  What dialogue was birthed? In the middle of Castro’s desires and the US, did they feel heard or seen as a people?
3.     How did this effect families, art, education, and coping with being under Castro’s leadership? Once families were separated what type of atmosphere did this produce for Cubans on the island, and those who came to the US and other places?
4.     Were there a lot of groups rising up in Cuba against Castro’s leadership? Did a majority support his cause? What were the consequences if not?
6.     What is it like for Afro-Cubans, darker skinned Cubans today on the island? Are they under the same racism and pressure like African-Americans here in the United States? Are prison rates higher for them like us? What’s the social and economic state for them in comparison to us here in the US? Do they have some of the same struggles as Black Americans here in the US? Do the Afro-Cubans know our democracy under certain parameters still has us living in silence, in the shadows? Do they know we have similarities regardless of where we live in the US?

7.     How do Cubans view our democracy system?  

Articles:

U.S.-Cuba Relations, September 29th, 2017, Backgrounder by Claire Felter and Danielle Renwick
A timeline of US-Cuba relations since the Cuban revolution, November 16th, 2016, Quartz, by Adam Epstein

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